Buying a home can be an exciting and stressful time for anyone. While you may be excited at the prospect of owning your own home, especially if it is your first home purchase, the idea of choosing between all of the many different types of mortgages may leave you feeling confused and apprehensive.

Two of the most common choices youll find in the mortgage market are adjustable rate mortgages and fixed rate mortgages. Fixed rate mortgages are the most traditional type of home mortgage, offering a fixed interest rate that does not change throughout the life of your loan. There are a number of important advantages associated with this type of mortgage. First, if you are budget conscious, this type of mortgage will give you the peace of mind in knowing that your monthly mortgage amount will not change. You can budget the remainder of your financial obligations without worrying about a changing mortgage payment to throw things off.

An adjustable rate mortgage works differently. With this type of mortgage you may be able to obtain a lower interest rate than would normally be available with a fixed rate mortgage; however, the interest rate is not fixed. This means that your monthly mortgage rate may change as interest rates change. With such a mortgage you may not be able to regularly plan your budget due to such fluctuations. While there is usually a cap that will keep the interest rate from fluctuating too much, even a little fluctuation can be too much for some homeowners. Of course, there is also the possibility that interest rates will drop and if that is the case, because your mortgage is adjustable, your monthly payments will drop right along with the interest rate.

When deciding whether a fixed rate or adjustable rate mortgage is your best choice, you need to give thought to several factors. Ask yourself whether it is more important to be able to plan your monthly budget without wondering whether your mortgage will fluctuate or whether you would prefer to receive a lower interest rate in the beginning of your mortgage.

Remember that if you decide you would like to obtain the advantages of both you do have other options available to you. For example, if you feel the interest rate offered to you on a fixed rate mortgage is too high but you want the security of not having to worry about a fluctuating interest rate you can always buy down your interest rate by purchasing points. This will mean more up front costs for your mortgage; however, it may be worth it to decrease the interest rate, especially if interest rates are currently high.

If you do elect to go with an adjustable rate mortgage make sure you understand exactly how high the rates may go as well as ensure you have enough wiggle room in your monthly budget to cushion increases if they occur. This may help to keep you out of a tight spot and possibly losing your home due to rising interest rates.

Adjustable Rate Mortgages: This Home Mortgage Loan May Not Be For The Weak At Heart

I heard the news about another interest rate hike and thought it was about time to look into refinancing my mortgage. I contacted my mortgage company first.

“I am interested in a fixed mortgage rate.” I said.

“May I ask why that is?” The broker asked politely.

“I don’t want to deal with the risk of rising interest rates. At my age, I cannot afford the risk.

“Looking at your last ten years of history, you have done pretty well with the adjustable rate. In fact, you had paid less in interest than most people with a fixed loan. May I suggest that we look at some adjustable rates, which are even less than the rate youre paying and with caps you dont have to worry about the interest rate hikes. I think we can save you a few hundred pounds off your monthly payment.”

At this point the broker took a breather so that I can say, “No thank you. I am only interested in a fixed rate mortgages.” “I don’t understand. Are you not interested in saving money?” He asked before launching into a lecture that had a mix of economy 101, budgeting 1, a dash of fortune telling and a healthy and totally unrealistic optimism of future trend in interest rates.

When he was done I explained to him that I recall the 18%-19% interest on mortgage loans in the early 1980’s that he seemed too young to remember. I pointed out that on a 100,000 loan, the 18% interest is 1,500 per month on the mortgage interest alone. If you have a 200,000 loan the interest alone would be a back-breaking payment of 3,000 per month.

I knew he thought I am out of my mind thinking about an 18% mortgage interest rate in todays environment. At the end we ended the phone conversation without any resolution. The gap in understanding wasnt about fixed rate mortgages vs adjustable rate mortgages (ARM). The gap was in age, experience, expectation, hopes and fears; a gap too wide to bridge.

To understand this gap, lets look at the adjustable rate mortgages. This type of mortgage loan is usually lower than the fixed rate and the lower rate means lower payment that in turn means easier qualification.

When lenders are considering your mortgage loan application, they look at what percentage of your income is available for repaying their loan. With an income of 5,000 per month, a 2,000 loan payment is 40% of your income and a 1,000 payment is 20% of your income. The closer you get to 1,000 or 20% of your income, the easier it is to qualify for the loan. This easier qualification appeals to younger people who are just starting and those with income limitation.

Adjustable mortgage rates appeal to young people with an innate optimism, hopes of increased income and the high possibility of moving to a different home in a short period of time. They need to look at what they can afford to pay and cannot worry too much about the distant future. To them anything is better than renting which is absolute waste of money.

There are also those older individuals who have suffered from some set back in life and do not enjoy a high credit score or do not have a very high income. Since a poor credit score increases the interest rate a bank offers to potential borrowers, a fixed rate may be too high for these individuals to consider.

Lets take a look at some terms that help you understand ARM better.

Margin – This is the lender’s markup and where they make their profits. The margin is added to the index rate to determine your total interest rate.

ARM Indexes – These are benchmarks that lenders use to determine how much the mortgage should be adjusted. The more stable the index is the more stable your adjustable loan remains. Consider both the index and the margin when you are shopping around.

Adjustment Period – Refers to the holding period in which your interest rate will not change. You will come across ARM figures like 5-1 that means your mortgage interest remains the same for five years and then it will adjust every year.

Interest Rate Caps – This is the maximum interest a lender can charge you.

Periodic caps – The lenders may limit how much they can increase your loan within an adjustment period. Not all ARMs have periodic rate caps.

Overall caps- Mortgage lenders may also limit how much the interest rate can increase over the life of the loan. Overall caps have been required by law since 1987. Payment Caps – The maximum amount your monthly payment can increase at each adjustment.

Negative Amortization – In most cases a portion of your payment goes toward paying down the principal and reducing your total debt. But when the payment is not enough to even cover the interest due, the unpaid amount is added back to the loan and your total mortgage loan obligation is increased. In short, if this continues you may owe more than you started with.

Negative amortization is the possible downside of the payment cap that keeps monthly payments from covering the cost of interest.

As you compare lenders, loans and rates remember Henry Moore who said, “What’s important is finding out what works for you.”

The adjustable rate mortgage is a type of loan which will be secured on a home which has an interest rate and monthly payment that will vary. The adjustable rate will transfer a portion of the interest rate from the creditor to the homeowner. The adjustable rate mortgage will often be used in situations where fixed rate loans are hard to acquire. While the borrower will be at an advantage if the interest rate falls, they will be at a disadvantage if it rises. In places like the United Kingdom, this is a very common type of mortgage, while it is not popular in other countries.

The adjustable rate mortgage is excellent for homeowners who only plan to live in their homes for about three years. The interest rate will typically be low for the first three to seven years, but will begin to fluctuate after this time. Like other mortgage options, this loan allows the homeowner to pay on the principle early, and they don’t have to worry about penalties. When payments are made on the principle, it will help lower the total amount of the loan, and will reduce the time that is necessary to pay it off. Many homeowners choose to pay off the entire loan once the interest rate drops to a very low level, and this is called refinancing.

One of the disadvantages to adjustable rate mortgages is that they are often sold to people who are not experienced in dealing with them. These individuals will not pay back the loans within three to seven years, and will be subjected to fluctuating interest rates, which often rise substantially. In the US, some of these cases are tried as predatory loans. There are a number of things consumers can do to protect themselves from rising interest rates. A maximum interest rate cap can be set which will only allow interest rates to rise at a specific amount each year, or the interest rate can be locked in for a specific period of time. This will give the homeowner time to increase their income so that they can make larger payments on the principle.

The primary advantage of this loan is that it lowers the cost of borrowing money for the first few years. Homeowners will save money on monthly payments, and it is excellent for those who plan on moving into a new home within the first seven years. However, there are risks to this type of mortgage that must be understood. If the owner has problems making payments, or runs into a financial emergency, the rates will eventually rise, and the owner who cannot make payments may lose their home.

One term that you will hear lenders talking about is caps. The cap can be defined as a clause that will set the highest change possible for the interest rate of the loan. Homeowners can set up a cap on their mortgage, but they will need to make a request from the lender, as the cap may not be present on the rate sheets that are presented.

Most people focus on the current mortgage interest rates when shopping for a home loan. Interest rates are certainly important, but they do not represent the only significant expense associated with financing a home. When you are making plans to purchase a new home, it is important to consider the big picture of all the fees associated with getting a mortgage, rather than focusing solely on interest rates.

Before you can decide just how much house you can afford to purchase, you need to look at an overall summary of mortgage fees so that you will have a clear understanding of all the expenses involved. Many factors can impact the total amount of money you need to borrow, as well as the final out-of-pocket requirement for your monthly payment.

Down Payment

Most home buyers will be required to make a down payment in order to be considered for mortgage loan approval. The amount of money an individual is required to put down may vary significantly based on a variety of factors, including: the cost of the home, the applicant’s credit history, the borrower’s qualification for down payment assistance programs, and many other variables. Typically, home buyers are required to make down payments ranging from five to 20 percent of the home’s purchase price.

Prepaid Interest

The day you close on your home loan, you will be required to pay the interest that will accrue on the loan between the current time and the day the first monthly payment is due. Prepaying interest allows you to exert some degree of control over the due date for your monthly payments. Many people are able to include the initial prepaid interest in the total amount financed, which keeps them from having to pay this amount out of pocket at the closing table.

Keep in mind that the longer you put off your first payment, the more prepaid interest you will have to pay at the time of closing. It makes sense to utilize prepaid interest to make sure that your payment due date is convenient to your income schedule, but there is no benefit to postponing the first payment simply because you are allowed to do so.

Homeowners Insurance

When you finance a home, the premium for your first year of homeowners insurance coverage is due at the closing table. No mortgage company will allow a sales transaction to take place without being certain that insurance coverage is in effect the moment the title transfers into the mortgagee’s name. As with prepaid interest, many home buyers who are able to do so elect to include their initial homeowners insurance premiums in the total amount financed.

Escrow Account
As long as you have a mortgage on your home, your lender is likely to require you to make escrow payments toward your property taxes and homeowners insurance premiums. This money goes into an escrow account, which the lender uses to make sure these important expenses are paid when they are due. Requiring escrow accounts protects the lender, who has a vested interest in making sure the property is sufficiently insured and remains free of tax liens.

Title Insurance

One of the most important components of a home loan transaction is the process of verifying that the seller has the legal right to transfer title of the home to the buyer. In addition to verifying that the title of the home is clear prior to closing, it is advisable to protect the home from future title problems tied the actions of past owners with a title insurance policy.

Sellers are typically responsible for paying for title research, since this work is required to verify that they do in fact own the property and have a legal right to transfer it to the buyer. Homebuyers, however, usually pay for the accompanying title insurance policies, which protect them against potential prior claims to the home’s title that might surface once the transaction has been completed. Mortgage lenders typically require title insurance policies as a condition of closing.

Other Closing Costs

A number of additional expenses must be considered in any comprehensive summary of mortgage fees. For example, when title to a property is transferred, a warranty deed must be created, and the changes to the title of the property must be recorded. Additionally, most lenders require property appraisals, surveys, and termite inspections prior to approving a loan. The fees associated with these legal and real estate services are part of the closing costs for a home loan. They can be paid for by the buyer or seller, based on the terms agreed upon in the purchase agreement.